Οι χώρες με τους περισσότερους πυρηνικούς αντιδραστήρες στον κόσμο
Photo: pixabay.com
Ποια υπερδύναμη διαθέτει τους περισσότερους πυρηνικούς αντιδραστήρες στον κόσμο;
Σύμφωνα με την έκθεση «World Nuclear Industry Status» για το 2021, η παγκόσμια παραγωγή πυρηνικής ενέργειας μειώθηκε κατά 3,9 % το 2020 παρά την άνοδο 4,4% στην Κίνα, όπου προστέθηκαν δύο νέοι αντιδραστήρες. Το 2021, 415 αντιδραστήρες λειτουργούσαν σε όλο τον κόσμο – 22 λιγότεροι από το 2011. Άλλοι 26 βρίσκονται σήμερα σε μακροπρόθεσμη αποθήκευση και 53 βρίσκονται υπό κατασκευή – περίπου οι μισοί στην Κίνα και την Ινδία.
Η ταχεία επέκταση των ανανεώσιμων πηγών ενέργειας και το αρνητικό δημόσιο αίσθημα για την πυρηνική ενέργεια που δημιουργήθηκαν από καταστροφές όπως αυτές του Τσερνόμπιλ ή της Φουκουσίμα έχουν μετατρέψει την πυρηνική ενέργεια σε μια επίσης παγκόσμια παραγωγή ενέργειας.
Σύμφωνα με την έκθεση, 33 χώρες τρέχουν επί του παρόντος πυρηνικούς αντιδραστήρες, αλλά μόνο 14 καταγράφονται να χρησιμοποιούν ακόμη ενεργά την τεχνολογία – συμπεριλαμβανομένων των νέων παικτών, τη Λευκορωσία και τα Ηνωμένα Αραβικά Εμιράτα.
Ας δούμε στην παρακάτω λίστα του Statista ποιες χώρες διαθέτουν τους περισσότερους πυρηνικούς αντιδραστήρες στον κόσμο.
1. ΗΠΑ
epa05953255 (FILE) - The world's first, full-scale nuclear reactor, the historic B Reactor, is seen on the Hanford Site in Washington, USA, 27 May 2015. Hundreds of workers at the Hanford nuclear waste site in Washington state have been ordered to 'take cover' after a tunnel collapse, according to local news sources in Handford, Washington, USA, 09 May 2017. The US Department of Energy said it has activated its emergency operations protocol in Hanford, a small agricultural community in south-central Washington EPA/JIM LO SCALZO
Photo: ΑΠΕ-ΜΠΕ
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2. Γαλλία
epa08870917 The Framatome nuclear reactor production site is pictured during the visit of French President Emmanuel Macron in Le Creusot, France, 08 December 2020. France will build a new, nuclear-powered aircraft carrier to replace its Charles de Gaulle carrier by 2038, French President Emmanuel Macron announced Tuesday. EPA/Laurent Cipriani Pool MAXPPP OUT
Photo: ΑΠΕ-ΜΠΕ
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3. Κίνα
epa05162862 The gate into the area under the reactor core inside of Austria's nuclear power plant Zwentendorf, photographed during a guided tour through the complex in Zwentendorf an der Donau, some 50 kilometers (31 miles) west of Vienna, Austria, 15 February 2016. The boiling water nuclear reactor (BWR) is identical in construction to the Fukushima I reactor, which was seriously affected by the 2011 earthquake and tsunami in Japan. The nuclear power plant (AKW) Zwentendorf was originally planned in 1969 and built between 1972 and 1978. It was never taken into service, after a referendum on 05 November 1978 voted with 50.47 per cent against its connection to the power grid. The plant's owner, Austrian energy provider 'Energieversorgung Niederoesterreich' (EVN Group), now offers guided tours through the reactor building and has established a dismantling and security training centre on the premises. EPA/CHRISTIAN BRUNA
Photo: ΑΠΕ-ΜΠΕ
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4. Ρωσία
epa05162864 A safety lock inside of Austria's nuclear power plant Zwentendorf, photographed during a guided tour through the complex in Zwentendorf an der Donau, some 50 kilometers (31 miles) west of Vienna, Austria, 15 February 2016. The boiling water nuclear reactor (BWR) is identical in construction to the Fukushima I reactor, which was seriously affected by the 2011 earthquake and tsunami in Japan. The nuclear power plant (AKW) Zwentendorf was originally planned in 1969 and built between 1972 and 1978. It was never taken into service, after a referendum on 05 November 1978 voted with 50.47 per cent against its connection to the power grid. The plant's owner, Austrian energy provider 'Energieversorgung Niederoesterreich' (EVN Group), now offers guided tours through the reactor building and has established a dismantling and security training centre on the premises. EPA/CHRISTIAN BRUNA
Photo: ΑΠΕ-ΜΠΕ
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5. Νότια Κορέα
epa08030234 A handout photo made available by the Korea Hydro and Nuclear Power Co.'s (KHNP) shows a ceremony to install the Shingori-5 reactor takes place at the KHNP nuclear power station in Ulsan, some 414km southeast of Seoul, South Korea, 28 November 2019. EPA/KHNP HANDOUT SOUTH KOREA OUT HANDOUT EDITORIAL USE ONLY/NO SALES
Photo: ΑΠΕ-ΜΠΕ
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6. Ινδία
epaselect epa05685687 Visitors and journalists stand next to the construction area of the Interim Spent Nuclear Fuel Dry Storage Facility (ISF-2) near the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, in Chernobyl, Ukraine, 22 December 2016. The new protective shelter over the remains of the nuclear reactor Unit 4 will secure the affected fourth reactor. The shelter is over 105 metres tall and weighs 36,000 tons. The explosion of Unit 4 of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in the early hours of 26 April 1986 is still regarded the biggest accident in the history of nuclear power generation. EPA/ROMAN PILIPEY
Photo: ΑΠΕ-ΜΠΕ
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7. Καναδάς
== With AFP Story by Tim LAWRENCE: UN-climate-warming-Canada-nuclea-energy,FOCUS ==
This recent undated handout photograph obtained November 29, 2011 courtesy of General Fusion shows part of an experimental reactor at the General Fusion laboratory in Burnaby, Canada. In the race against world governments and the wealthiest companies to commercialize a nuclear fusion reactor, a small, innovative Canadian firm is hoping to bottle and sell the sun's energy. In a laboratory in this Pacific Coast city, General Fusion physicists and engineers in bright red smocks are busy assembling an experimental reactor. They hope to test a prototype in 2014 and eventually become the first to commercialize the technology, offering a safe, cheap, pollution-free and virtually inexhaustible source of energy. AFP PHOTO / GENERAL FUSION == RESTRICTED TO EDITORIAL USE / MANDATORY CREDIT "AFP PHOTO / GENERAL FUSION" / NO MARKETING / NO ADVERTISING CAMPAIGNS / DISTRIBUTED AS A SERVICE TO CLIENTS == (Photo by - / GENERAL FUSION / AFP)
Photo: AFP
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8. Ουκρανία
epa07633838 The new protective shelter over the remains of the nuclear reactor Unit 4 at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, is seen through a bus window in Chernobyl, Ukraine, 07 June 2019. The miniseries Chernobyl (2019) made by HBO depicts the explosion`s aftermath, the vast clean-up operation and the subsequent inquiry. The success of a U.S. television miniseries examining the world`s worst nuclear accident has driven up the number of tourists wanting to see the plant and the ghostly abandoned town of Prypyat as local media report. EPA/SERGEY DOLZHENKO
Photo: ΑΠΕ-ΜΠΕ
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9. Ηνωμένο Bασίλειο
PAP99-20000409-LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM: (FILES) An August 1997 file photo of Dungeness Nuclear Power Station in Kent. An emergency was declared at Dungeness B power station Sundy 9th April with hundreds of workers evacuated after a carbon dioxide leak, British Energy said. The alarm was raised amid fears that workers at the site near Romney, Kent, risked being suffocated by the gas leak in the basement of the building. British Energy insisted the nuclear reactor itself was not at risk because it was shut down last November for maintenance. EPA PHOTO/PA/FILES/ADAM BUTLERa
Photo: ΑΠΕ-ΜΠΕ
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10. Ιαπωνία
epa05162869 A safety lock inside of Austria's nuclear power plant Zwentendorf, photographed during a guided tour through the complex in Zwentendorf an der Donau, some 50 kilometers (31 miles) west of Vienna, Austria, 15 February 2016. The boiling water nuclear reactor (BWR) is identical in construction to the Fukushima I reactor, which was seriously affected by the 2011 earthquake and tsunami in Japan. The nuclear power plant (AKW) Zwentendorf was originally planned in 1969 and built between 1972 and 1978. It was never taken into service, after a referendum on 05 November 1978 voted with 50.47 per cent against its connection to the power grid. The plant's owner, Austrian energy provider 'Energieversorgung Niederoesterreich' (EVN Group), now offers guided tours through the reactor building and has established a dismantling and security training centre on the premises. EPA/CHRISTIAN BRUNA
Photo: ΑΠΕ-ΜΠΕ
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